During a mastectomy, the breast tissue is completely or partially removed, depending on the medical indication. In gender reassignment surgery in particular, known as "top surgery", the female breast is transformed into a male breast shape. Special surgical techniques are used that differ from those used for other indications. The aims of the operation are to preserve the sensation of the nipple and areola while adapting the breast shape to a male one, and to use scar-saving techniques. These specific techniques ensure that the natural sensitivity is preserved and the aesthetic result is as scar-free as possible. This differs significantly from other mastectomy procedures, which focus less on aesthetic details.

After a mastectomy, the recovery phase begins, which varies in length depending on the type of procedure and individual recovery. Avoid physical exertion and strictly follow your doctor's instructions for post-operative care, especially with regard to scar treatment. Showering is usually possible from the second day, while you should avoid bathing and saunas for several weeks. Light physical activities can often be resumed after two to three weeks. Make sure you eat anti-inflammatory foods and continue to avoid alcohol and nicotine to support the healing process.